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Compare Malawi (2001) - American Samoa (2003)
Compare Malawi (2001) z American Samoa (2003)
| Malawi (2001) | American Samoa (2003) | |
 |  | |
| Administrative divisions | 24 districts; Blantyre, Chikwawa, Chiradzulu, Chitipa, Dedza, Dowa, Karonga, Kasungu, Lilongwe, Machinga (Kasupe), Mangochi, Mchinji, Mulanje, Mwanza, Mzimba, Ntcheu, Nkhata Bay, Nkhotakota, Nsanje, Ntchisi, Rumphi, Salima, Thyolo, Zomba; note - there may be three new districts named Balaka, Likoma, and Phalombe | none (territory of the US); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are three districts and two islands* at the second order; Eastern, Manu'a, Rose Island*, Swains Island*, Western |
| Age structure | 0-14 years:
44.43% (male 2,348,940; female 2,337,290) 15-64 years: 52.78% (male 2,741,622; female 2,825,966) 65 years and over: 2.79% (male 119,283; female 175,149) (2001 est.) |
0-14 years: 37.5% (male 13,557; female 12,818)
15-64 years: 57% (male 19,712; female 20,346) 65 years and over: 5.4% (male 2,081; female 1,746) (2003 est.) |
| Agriculture - products | tobacco, sugarcane, cotton, tea, corn, potatoes, cassava (tapioca), sorghum, pulses; cattle, goats | bananas, coconuts, vegetables, taro, breadfruit, yams, copra, pineapples, papayas; dairy products, livestock |
| Airports | 44 (2000 est.) | 3 (2002) |
| Airports - with paved runways | total:
6 over 3,047 m: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 4 (2000 est.) |
total: 2
2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2002) |
| Airports - with unpaved runways | total:
38 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 14 under 914 m: 23 (2000 est.) |
total: 1
under 914 m: 1 (2002) |
| Area | total:
118,480 sq km land: 94,080 sq km water: 24,400 sq km |
total: 199 sq km
land: 199 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes Rose Island and Swains Island |
| Area - comparative | slightly smaller than Pennsylvania | slightly larger than Washington, DC |
| Background | Established in 1891, the British protectorate of Nyasaland became the independent nation of Malawi in 1964. After three decades of one-party rule, the country held multiparty elections in 1994 under a provisional constitution, which took full effect the following year. National multiparty elections were held again in 1999. | Settled as early as 1000 B.C., Samoa was "discovered" by European explorers in the 18th century. International rivalries in the latter half of the 19th century were settled by an 1899 treaty in which Germany and the US divided the Samoan archipelago. The US formally occupied its portion - a smaller group of eastern islands with the excellent harbor of Pago Pago - the following year. |
| Birth rate | 37.8 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) | 23.26 births/1,000 population (2003 est.) |
| Budget | revenues:
$490 million expenditures: $523 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (FY99/00 est.) |
revenues: $121 million (37% in local revenue and 63% in US grants)
expenditures: $127 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (FY96/97) |
| Capital | Lilongwe | Pago Pago |
| Climate | sub-tropical; rainy season (November to May); dry season (May to November) | tropical marine, moderated by southeast trade winds; annual rainfall averages about 3 m; rainy season from November to April, dry season from May to October; little seasonal temperature variation |
| Coastline | 0 km (landlocked) | 116 km |
| Constitution | 18 May 1994 | ratified 1966, in effect 1967 |
| Country name | conventional long form:
Republic of Malawi conventional short form: Malawi former: British Central African Protectorate, Nyasaland Protectorate, Nyasaland |
conventional long form: Territory of American Samoa
conventional short form: American Samoa abbreviation: AS |
| Currency | Malawian kwacha (MWK) | US dollar (USD) |
| Death rate | 22.81 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) | 4.38 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.) |
| Debt - external | $2.9 billion (2000 est.) | $NA |
| Dependency status | - | unincorporated and unorganized territory of the US; administered by the Office of Insular Affairs, US Department of the Interior |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | chief of mission:
Ambassador Roger A. MEECE embassy: Area 40, Plot 24, Kenyatta Road mailing address: P. O. Box 30016, Lilongwe 3, Malawi telephone: [265] 773 166 FAX: [265] 770 471 |
none (territory of the US) |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | chief of mission:
Ambassador Paul Tony Steven KANDIERO chancery: 2408 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 797-1007 |
none (territory of the US) |
| Disputes - international | dispute with Tanzania over the boundary in Lake Nyasa (Lake Malawi) | none |
| Economic aid - recipient | $427 million (1999) | important financial support from the US, more than $40 million in 1994 |
| Economy - overview | Landlocked Malawi ranks among the world's least developed countries. The economy is predominately agricultural, with about 90% of the population living in rural areas. Agriculture accounts for 37% of GDP and 85% of export revenues. The economy depends on substantial inflows of economic assistance from the IMF, the World Bank, and individual donor nations. In late 2000, Malawi was approved for relief under the Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) program. The government faces strong challenges, e.g., to fully develop a market economy, to improve educational facilities, to face up to environmental problems, and to deal with the rapidly growing problem of HIV/AIDS. | This is a traditional Polynesian economy in which more than 90% of the land is communally owned. Economic activity is strongly linked to the US, with which American Samoa conducts most of its foreign trade. Tuna fishing and tuna processing plants are the backbone of the private sector, with canned tuna the primary export. Transfers from the US Government add substantially to American Samoa's economic well-being. Attempts by the government to develop a larger and broader economy are restrained by Samoa's remote location, its limited transportation, and its devastating hurricanes. Tourism, a developing sector, has been held back by the recurring financial difficulties in East Asia. |
| Electricity - consumption | 950 million kWh (1999) | 120.9 million kWh (2001) |
| Electricity - exports | 3 million kWh (1999) | 0 kWh (2001) |
| Electricity - imports | 0 kWh (1999) | 0 kWh (2001) |
| Electricity - production | 1.025 billion kWh (1999) | 130 million kWh (2001) |
| Electricity - production by source | fossil fuel:
2.44% hydro: 97.56% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (1999) |
fossil fuel: 100%
hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2001) |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point:
junction of the Shire River and international boundary with Mozambique 37 m highest point: Sapitwa 3,002 m |
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point: Lata 966 m |
| Environment - current issues | deforestation; land degradation; water pollution from agricultural runoff, sewage, industrial wastes; siltation of spawning grounds endangers fish populations | limited natural fresh water resources; the water division of the government has spent substantial funds in the past few years to improve water catchments and pipelines |
| Environment - international agreements | party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: Law of the Sea |
- |
| Ethnic groups | Chewa, Nyanja, Tumbuko, Yao, Lomwe, Sena, Tonga, Ngoni, Ngonde, Asian, European | Samoan (Polynesian) 89%, Caucasian 2%, Tongan 4%, other 5% |
| Exchange rates | Malawian kwachas per US dollar - 80.0946 (December 2000), 59.5438 (2000), 44.0881 (1999), 31.0727 (1998), 16.4442 (1997), 15.3085 (1996) | the US dollar is used |
| Executive branch | chief of state:
President Bakili MULUZI (since 21 May 1994); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government head of government: President Bakili MULUZI (since 21 May 1994); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government cabinet: 36-member Cabinet named by the president elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 15 June 1999 (next to be held NA 2004) election results: Bakili MULUZI reelected president; percent of vote - Bakili MULUZI (UDF) 51.4%, Gwandaguluwe CHAKUAMBA (MCP-AFORD) 44.3% |
chief of state: President George W. BUSH of the US (since 20 January 2001) and Vice President Richard B. CHENEY (since 20 January 2001)
head of government: Governor Togiola TULAFONO (since 7 April 2003) following the death of Governor Tauese P. SUNIA on 26 March 2003; TULAFONO had been the Lieutenant Governor cabinet: NA elections: US president and vice president elected on the same ticket for four-year terms; governor and lieutenant governor elected on the same ticket by popular vote for four-year terms; election last held 7 November 2000 (next to be held NA November 2004) election results: Tauese P. SUNIA reelected governor; percent of vote - Tauese P. SUNIA (Democrat) 50.7%, Lealaifuaneva Peter REID (independent) 47.8% note: Togiola TULAFONO became acting governor 26 March 2003 upon the death of Governor Tauese P. SUNIA |
| Exports | $416 million (f.o.b., 2000) | NA (2001) |
| Exports - commodities | tobacco, tea, sugar, cotton, coffee, peanuts, wood products | canned tuna 93% |
| Exports - partners | South Africa 16%, Germany 16%, US 15%, Netherlands 7%, Japan (1999) | Indonesia 71.1%, Japan 7.7%, Samoa 7.7%, Australia 6.7% (2002) |
| Fiscal year | 1 July - 30 June | 1 October - 30 September |
| Flag description | three equal horizontal bands of black (top), red, and green with a radiant, rising, red sun centered in the black band | blue, with a white triangle edged in red that is based on the outer side and extends to the hoist side; a brown and white American bald eagle flying toward the hoist side is carrying two traditional Samoan symbols of authority, a staff and a war club |
| GDP | purchasing power parity - $9.4 billion (2000 est.) | purchasing power parity - $500 million (2000 est.) |
| GDP - composition by sector | agriculture:
37% industry: 29% services: 34% (1998 est.) |
agriculture: NA%
industry: NA% services: NA% |
| GDP - per capita | purchasing power parity - $900 (2000 est.) | purchasing power parity - $8,000 (2000 est.) |
| GDP - real growth rate | 3% (2000 est.) | NA% |
| Geographic coordinates | 13 30 S, 34 00 E | 14 20 S, 170 00 W |
| Geography - note | landlocked | Pago Pago has one of the best natural deepwater harbors in the South Pacific Ocean, sheltered by shape from rough seas and protected by peripheral mountains from high winds; strategic location in the South Pacific Ocean |
| Highways | total:
16,451 km paved: 3,126 km unpaved: 13,325 km (1997) |
total: 350 km
paved: 150 km unpaved: 200 km |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | lowest 10%:
NA% highest 10%: NA% |
lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% |
| Imports | $435 million (f.o.b., 2000) | NA (2001) |
| Imports - commodities | food, petroleum products, semimanufactures, consumer goods, transportation equipment | materials for canneries 56%, food 8%, petroleum products 7%, machinery and parts 6% |
| Imports - partners | South Africa 43%, Zimbabwe 14%, UK 5%, Germany 5%, Zambia, Japan, US (1999) | Australia 41%, New Zealand 23%, South Korea 18% (2002) |
| Independence | 6 July 1964 (from UK) | none (territory of the US) |
| Industrial production growth rate | NA% | NA% |
| Industries | tobacco, tea, sugar, sawmill products, cement, consumer goods | tuna canneries (largely supplied by foreign fishing vessels), handicrafts |
| Infant mortality rate | 121.12 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) | total: 9.82 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 11.61 deaths/1,000 live births female: 7.93 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.) |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | 29.5% (2000) | NA% |
| International organization participation | ACP, AfDB, C, CCC, ECA, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, ISO (correspondent), ITU, NAM, OAU, OPCW, SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNMIK, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO | ESCAP (associate), Interpol (subbureau), IOC, SPC |
| Internet Service Providers (ISPs) | 8 (2001) | 1 (2000) |
| Irrigated land | 280 sq km (1993 est.) | NA sq km |
| Judicial branch | Supreme Court of Appeal; High Court (chief justice appointed by the president, puisne judges appointed on the advice of the Judicial Service Commission); magistrate's courts | High Court (chief justice and associate justices are appointed by the US Secretary of the Interior) |
| Labor force | 3.5 million | 14,000 (1996) |
| Labor force - by occupation | agriculture 86% (1997 est.) | government 33%, tuna canneries 34%, other 33% (1990) |
| Land boundaries | total:
2,881 km border countries: Mozambique 1,569 km, Tanzania 475 km, Zambia 837 km |
0 km |
| Land use | arable land:
34% permanent crops: 0% permanent pastures: 20% forests and woodland: 39% other: 7% (1993 est.) |
arable land: 5%
permanent crops: 10% other: 85% (1998 est.) |
| Languages | English (official), Chichewa (official), other languages important regionally | Samoan (closely related to Hawaiian and other Polynesian languages), English
note: most people are bilingual |
| Legal system | based on English common law and customary law; judicial review of legislative acts in the Supreme Court of Appeal; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction | NA |
| Legislative branch | unicameral National Assembly (193 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)
elections: last held 15 June 1999 (next to be held NA 2004) election results: percent of vote by party - UDF 48%, MCP 34%, AFORD 15%, others 3%; seats by party - UDF 94, MCP 66, AFORD 29, others 4 |
bicameral Fono or Legislative Assembly consists of the House of Representatives (21 seats - 20 of which are elected by popular vote and 1 is an appointed, nonvoting delegate from Swains Island; members serve two-year terms) and the Senate (18 seats; members are elected from local chiefs and serve four-year terms)
elections: House of Representatives - last held 7 November 2002 (next to be held NA November 2004); Senate - last held 7 November 2000 (next to be held NA November 2004) election results: House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NA; Senate - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - independents 18 note: American Samoa elects one nonvoting representative to the US House of Representatives; election last held 7 November 2002 (next to be held NA November 2004); results - Eni F. H. FALEOMAVAEGA (Democrat) reelected as delegate |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population:
37.08 years male: 36.61 years female: 37.55 years (2001 est.) |
total population: 75.75 years
male: 71.35 years female: 80.41 years (2003 est.) |
| Literacy | definition:
age 15 and over can read and write total population: 58% male: 72.8% female: 43.4% (1999 est.) |
definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 97% male: 98% female: 97% (1980 est.) |
| Location | Southern Africa, east of Zambia | Oceania, group of islands in the South Pacific Ocean, about half way between Hawaii and New Zealand |
| Map references | Africa | Oceania |
| Maritime claims | none (landlocked) | exclusive economic zone: 200 NM
territorial sea: 12 NM |
| Merchant marine | - | none (2002 est.) |
| Military - note | - | defense is the responsibility of the US |
| Military branches | Army (includes Air Wing and Naval Detachment), Police (includes paramilitary Mobile Force Unit) | - |
| Military expenditures - dollar figure | $9.5 million (FY00/01) | - |
| Military expenditures - percent of GDP | 0.76% (FY00/01) | - |
| Military manpower - availability | males age 15-49:
2,466,708 (2001 est.) |
- |
| Military manpower - fit for military service | males age 15-49:
1,265,893 (2001 est.) |
- |
| National holiday | Independence Day, 6 July (1964) | Flag Day, 17 April (1900) |
| Nationality | noun:
Malawian(s) adjective: Malawian |
noun: American Samoan(s)
adjective: American Samoan |
| Natural hazards | NA | typhoons common from December to March |
| Natural resources | limestone, arable land, hydropower, unexploited deposits of uranium, coal, and bauxite | pumice, pumicite |
| Net migration rate | 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) | 3.29 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.) |
| Political parties and leaders | Alliance for Democracy or AFORD [Chakufwa CHIHANA, president]; Malawi Congress Party or MCP [Gwanda CHAKUAMBA, president, John TEMBO, vice president]; Malawi Democratic Party or MDP [Kampelo KALUA, president]; National Independence Party; Social Democratic Party or SDP [Eston KAKHOME, president]; United Democratic Front or UDF [Bakili MULUZI] - governing party | Democratic Party [leader NA]; Republican Party [leader NA] |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | NA | NA |
| Population | 10,548,250
note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2001 est.) |
70,260 (July 2003 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | 54% (FY90/91 est.) | NA% |
| Population growth rate | 1.5% (2001 est.) | 2.22% (2003 est.) |
| Ports and harbors | Chipoka, Monkey Bay, Nkhata Bay, Nkhotakota, Chilumba | Aunu'u (new construction), Auasi, Faleosao, Ofu, Pago Pago, Ta'u |
| Radio broadcast stations | AM 9, FM 4 (plus 15 repeater stations), shortwave 3 (1998) | AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998) |
| Radios | 2.6 million (1997) | - |
| Railways | total:
789 km narrow gauge: 789 km 1.067-m gauge |
0 km |
| Religions | Protestant 55%, Roman Catholic 20%, Muslim 20%, indigenous beliefs | Christian Congregationalist 50%, Roman Catholic 20%, Protestant and other 30% |
| Sex ratio | at birth:
1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.68 male(s)/female total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2001 est.) |
at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.19 male(s)/female total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2003 est.) |
| Suffrage | 18 years of age; universal | 18 years of age; universal |
| Telephone system | general assessment:
NA domestic: fair system of open-wire lines, microwave radio relay links, and radiotelephone communications stations international: satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Indian Ocean and 1 Atlantic Ocean) |
general assessment: NA
domestic: good telex, telegraph, facsimile and cellular telephone services; domestic satellite system with 1 Comsat earth station international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean) |
| Telephones - main lines in use | 37,000 (1997) | 13,000 (1997) |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | 7,000 (1997) | 2,550 (1997) |
| Television broadcast stations | 1 (1999) | 1 (1997) |
| Terrain | narrow elongated plateau with rolling plains, rounded hills, some mountains | five volcanic islands with rugged peaks and limited coastal plains, two coral atolls (Rose Island, Swains Island) |
| Total fertility rate | 5.18 children born/woman (2001 est.) | 3.3 children born/woman (2003 est.) |
| Unemployment rate | NA% | 6% (2000) |
| Waterways | 144 km
note: on Lake Nyasa (Lake Malawi) and Shire Riverall |
none |
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